Ansiedade em transgêneros acompanhados em um ambulatório de sexualidade maranhense / Anxiety in transgenders accompanied in a maranhão sexuality outpatient clinic / Ansiedad en transgéneros acompañada de una ambulatoria de sexualidad maranhena

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os sintomas ansiosos em indivíduos transexuais atendidos em um ambulatório de gênero e sexualidade. Caracteriza-se como um estudo descritivo, de corte transversal e abordagem quantitativa, adotando amostra por conveniência (n=46). Foi realizado nas dependências de um Hospital Universitário Nordestino mediante aplicação do Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI) e formulário sociodemográfico, os dados coletados foram trabalhados no EpiInfo. Os resultados revelaram trans em sua maioria jovens, de cor parda, solteiros, com ensino médio completo, estudantes, residiam com pais e/ou parentes, não religiosos, e metade com vínculo empregatício. A ansiedade leve esteve presente em 21,7% e mínima em 34,8% dos pacientes, enquanto, a moderada em 28,3% e a grave 15,2%. Identificou-se relevância estatística na associação entre ansiedade e idade (p= 0,0072), e de ansiedade com vínculo empregatício (p=0,0039). Portanto, demonstrou-se que a maioria dos entrevistados apresentaram com menor severidade sintomas ansiosos, podendo ter relação com seu maior grau de instrução, presença de suporte social e presença de vínculo de trabalho.

The objective of this study was to evaluate anxious symptoms in transgender individuals attended in an outpatient clinic of gender and sexuality. It is characterized as a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, adopting a sample for convenience (n=46). It was carried out in the premises of a Northeastern University Hospital by applying the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and sociodemographic form, the data collected were worked on at EpiInfo. The results revealed that the majority of them were young, of a brown color, single, with a full high school education, students, resided with parents and/or relatives, non-religious, and half with employment. Mild anxiety was present in 21.7% and minimal in 34.8% of the patients, while moderate in 28.3% and severe in 15.2%. Statistical relevance was identified in the association between anxiety and age (p= 0.0072), and anxiety with employment (p=0.0039). Therefore, it was demonstrated that the majority of the interviewees presented with less severity anxious symptoms, which may have a relationship with their higher degree of education, presence of social support and presence of a work bond.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los síntomas ansiosos en los individuos transgénero atendidos en una clínica ambulatoria de género y sexualidad. Se caracteriza por un enfoque descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo, tomando una muestra para su conveniencia (n=46). Se realizó en las instalaciones de un Hospital Universitario del Noreste, aplicando el Inventario de Ansiedad Beck (BAI) y el formulario sociodemográfico, los datos recogidos se trabajaron en EpiInfo. Los resultados revelaron transexuales en la mayoría de los jóvenes, de color marrón, solteros, estudiantes de secundaria, que vivían con padres y/o parientes, no religiosos y la mitad con un vínculo laboral. La ansiedad leve fue del 21,7% y mínima del 34,8% de los pacientes, mientras que la moderada fue del 28,3% y la grave del 15,2%. Se identificó la relevancia estadística en la asociación entre ansiedad y edad (p= 0,0072) y ansiedad con relación al empleo (p=0,0039). Por lo tanto, se demostró que la mayoría de los entrevistados presentaban síntomas menos ansiosos, que podían tener relación con su nivel de educación superior, la presencia de apoyo social y la presencia de un vínculo de trabajo.

OLHO QUIETO E ANSIEDADE NO ARREMESSO DO BASQUETEBOL: uma revisão de estado da arte / QUIET EYE AND ANXIETY AT THE BASKETBALL SHOT: a state-of-the-art review / OJO TRANQUILO Y ANSIEDAD EN EL TIRO DE BALONCESTO: una revisión de estado del arte

O arremesso do basquetebol depende do foco de atenção visual do atleta e relaciona-se ao Olho Quieto (OQ), que pode ser afetado pela ansiedade. Esta revisão buscou estabelecer o estado da arte na literatura sobre o OQ e a sua relação com a ansiedade, observando o seu impacto no desempenho de atletas no arremesso do basquetebol. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed, PsycInfo, EBSCO, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES e LILACS com os descritores "olho quieto, basquetebol e ansiedade", em português e inglês. Vinte e três documentos foram incluídos na análise. O OQ (fixação visual final com início durante a última etapa motora) caracteriza níveis de habilidade e desempenho. A busca revelou que a ansiedade influencia vários aspectos do arremesso do basquetebol, como a redução da duração do OQ.

The basketball shot depends on the athlete's visual focus of attention so that it is related to the Quiet Eye (OQ) and can be affected by anxiety. This review sought to establish the state of the art in the literature on OQ and its relationship with anxiety, observing their impact on the performance of athletes in the basketball shot. Searches were performed in the databases PubMed, PsycInfo, EBSCO, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES and LILACS with the descriptors "quiet eye, basketball and anxiety" in Portuguese and English. Twenty three documents were included in the analysis. The OQ (final visual fixation starting during the last motor phase) characterizes skill and performance levels. The search revealed that anxiety influences several aspects of the basketball shot, such as reducing the duration of the OQ.

El tiro de baloncesto depende del foco de atención visual del atleta y está asociado con el Ojo Tranquilo (OT), que puede verse afectado por la ansiedad. Esta revisión buscó establecer el estado del arte en la literatura sobre OT y su relación con la ansiedad, observando su impacto en el desempeño de los atletas en el tiro de baloncesto. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos PubMed, PsycInfo, EBSCO, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES y LILACS, con los descriptores "ojo tranquilo, baloncesto y ansiedad", en portugués y en ingles. Veintitrés documentos fueron incluidos en el análisis. El OT (fijación visual final que comienza durante el último paso motor) caracteriza los niveles de habilidad y rendimiento. La búsqueda reveló que la ansiedad influye en varios aspectos del tiro de baloncesto, como la reducción de la duración del OT.

Olho quieto e ansiedade no arremesso do Basquetebol: uma revisão de estado da arte / QUIET EYE AND ANXIETY AT THE BASKETBALL SHOT: a state-of-the-art review / OJO TRANQUILO Y ANSIEDAD EN EL TIRO DE BALONCESTO: una revisión de estado del arte

O arremesso do basquetebol depende do foco de atenção visual do atleta e relaciona-se ao Olho Quieto (OQ), que pode ser afetado pela ansiedade. Esta revisão buscou estabelecer o estado da arte na literatura sobre o OQ e a sua relação com a ansiedade, observando o seu impacto no desempenho de atletas no arremesso do basquetebol. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed, PsycInfo, EBSCO, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES e LILACS com os descritores "olho quieto, basquetebol e ansiedade", em português e inglês. Vinte e três documentos foram incluídos na análise. O OQ (fixação visual final com início durante a última etapa motora) caracteriza níveis de habilidade e desempenho. A busca revelou que a ansiedade influencia vários aspectos do arremesso do basquetebol, como a redução da duração do OQ

The basketball shot depends on the athlete's visual focus of attention so that it is related to the Quiet Eye (OQ) and can be affected by anxiety. This review sought to establish the state of the art in the literature on OQ and its relationship with anxiety, observing their impact on the performance of athletes in the basketball shot. Searches were performed in the databases PubMed, PsycInfo, EBSCO, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES and LILACS with the descriptors "quiet eye, basketball and anxiety" in Portuguese and English. Twenty three documents were included in the analysis. The OQ (final visual fixation starting during the last motor phase) characterizes skill and performance levels. The search revealed that anxiety influences several aspects of the basketball shot, such as reducing the duration of the OQ

El tiro de baloncesto depende del foco de atención visual del atleta y está asociado con el Ojo Tranquilo (OT), que puede verse afectado por la ansiedad. Esta revisión buscó establecer el estado del arte en la literatura sobre OT y su relación con la ansiedad, observando su impacto en el desempeño de los atletas en el tiro de baloncesto. Las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos PubMed, PsycInfo, EBSCO, Scielo, Google Acadêmico, Periódicos CAPES y LILACS, con los descriptores "ojo tranquilo, baloncesto y ansiedad", en portugués y en ingles. Veintitrés documentos fueron incluidos en el análisis. El OT (fijación visual final que comienza durante el último paso motor) caracteriza los niveles de habilidad y rendimiento. La búsqueda reveló que la ansiedad influye en varios aspectos del tiro de baloncesto, como la reducción de la duración del OT.

Correlation between personality traits and clinical symptoms in patients with anxious depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the personality traits of patients with anxious depression and the relationship between personality traits and clinical symptoms.Methods:From December 2011 to October 2014, 177 first-episode untreated patients with depression from the psychiatric department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and 185 healthy controls(HC group) recruited by the community were included.All patients were divided into anxious depression group ( n=92) and non-anxious depression group ( n=85) according to whether the anxiety/somatization factor score ≥7.The simplified version of Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Hamilton depression scale-17 (HAMD-17) were used to assess all the subjects.Statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS 21.0.Analysis of covariance was used to compare the differences of the scores on personality dimensions among the three groups.The relationship between personality dimensions and anxious depression was confirmed by Logistic regression, linear regression analysis and generalized linear models. Results:The differences of the scores on the four dimensions of neuroticism ( F=108.863, P<0.01), extraversion ( F=86.357, P<0.01), agreeableness ( F=50.615, P<0.01), and conscientiousness ( F=24.730, P<0.01) among the three groups were statistically significant.Further pairwise comparision showed, the score of neuroticisms was higher in the anxious depression group(43.05±8.92) and non-anxious depression group(39.85±7.21) than that in the HC group (30.16±6.25)( P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). The scores of extroversion (31.22±6.33, 32.61±6.83), agreeableness (38.66±5.80, 39.46±6.19) and conscientiousness (39.75±6.89, 38.85±7.26) were lower in the anxious depression group and non-anxious depression group than those in the HC group (40.29±5.37, 44.79±4.68, 44.09±5.66, all P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). The score of neuroticisms in anxious depression group was higher than that in non-anxious depression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). Logistic regression analysis with age, gender and years of education controlled showed that the score of neuroticism ( B=0.082, OR=1.085, 95% CI=1.020-1.154, P=0.009) and conscientiousness ( B=0.060, OR=1.062, 95% CI=1.006-1.120, P=0.028) were risk factors for anxiety symptoms in patients with depression.Linear regression analysis showed that the scores on neuroticism had positive predictive effects on the anxiety/somatization factor score ( B=0.055, 95% CI=0.021-0.089, P=0.002) and cognitive impairment factor score ( B=0.074, 95% CI=0.023-0.125, P=0.005) in the anxious depression group. Conclusion:Compared to non-anxious depression, patients with anxious depression show higher level of neuroticism, and the level of neuroticism can positively predict the symptoms of anxiety and cognitive impairment.The high level of neuroticism and conscientiousness may be risk factors for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms in patients with depressed.

The difference of gray matter volume and its correlation with clinical characteristics in patients with anxious depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the difference of gray matter volume between anxious depression(AD)and non anxious depression(NAD) patients, and its correlation with clinical characteristics.Methods:One hundred and fifty patients with depression were included from September 2014 to October 2018, meanwhile 62 healthy controls with matching demographic characteristic were recruited. The severity of the patients was assessed by Hamilton depression scale-17(HAMD-17). Patients were divided into anxious depression group(AD group, n=80)and non-anxious depression group (NAD group, n=70) according to whether anxiety/somatization factor scored 7. All subjects were scanned with 3.0 T underwent structural MRI scan. The structural magnetic resonance data were preprocessed by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The rest toolkit was used to calculate the difference of gray matter volume among the three groups. By SPSS 19.0, post-hoc t test was used for pairwise comparison and Pearson correlation analysis was performed between gray matter volume and clinical factors in patients with anxious depression. Results:Compared to the NAD group, the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus(MNI: x=28.5, y=21.0, z=48.0, t=-4.83, Bonferroni multiple comparison adjustment, P<0.05/3) and left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus(MNI: x=-18.0, y=27.0, z=43.5, t=-6.08, Bonferroni multiple comparison correction, P<0.05/3)were significantly decreased in AD group. Correlation analysis found that the gray matter volume of the right middle frontal gyrus in patients with anxious depression was negatively correlated with the insight of anxiety/somatization factor score ( r=-0.36, P=0.001). Conclusion:The volume of prefrontal lobe in patients with anxiety depression is lower than that in patients with non anxiety depression, which may be related to the serious clinical symptoms in patients with anxiety depression.The decrease of right middle frontal gyrus volume can be used as a potential biological marker for the severity of impaired insight.

Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental de estudiantes universitarios en Chile / Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of university students in Chile

La pandemia por COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto negativo en el bienestar psicológico de la población. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la salud mental de estudiantes universitarios(as) en Chile, explorando el rol de los acontecimientos adversos en el núcleo familiar y las experiencias negativas relacionadas. Contestaron una encuesta en línea 2.411 estudiantes de primer año de una universidad en Chile. Tres de cada cuatro estudiantes reportaron que su estado de ánimo era peor o mucho peor en comparación con el contexto pre-pandémico. Las estudiantes mujeres presentaron significativamente mayores niveles de sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa y reportaron de forma significativa una mayor percepción de empeoramiento del estado de ánimo. Los hallazgos de este estudio refuerzan la necesidad de implementar intervenciones y estrategias orientadas a favorecer una mejor salud mental de los(as) estudiantes universitarios(as) en Chile.

Abstract. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the psychological well-being of the population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of university students in Chile, exploring the role of adverse events in the family and related negative experiences. An online survey was answered by 2,411 first-year students from a university in Chile. Three out of four students reported that their mood was worse or much worse compared to the pre-pandemic context. Female students presented significantly higher levels of depressive and anxious symptoms and reported significantly greater perception of worsening mood. The findings of this study reinforce the need to implement interventions and strategies aimed at promoting better mental health for university students in Chile.

Effect of Baihe Dihuang Decoction on synaptic plasticity of hippocampus in rats with anxious depression / 中国中药杂志

To explore the effect of Baihe Dihuang Decoction on the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons in rats with anxious depression. Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, venlafaxine group(6.75 mg·kg~(-1)), high-dose Baihe Dihuang Decoction group(8.64 g·kg~(-1)) and low-dose Baihe Dihuang Decoction group(4.32 g·kg~(-1)). Chronic restraint stress(6 h) combined with corticosterone(ih, 30 mg·kg~(-1)) was used to establish an anxious depression model, and 7 days after modeling, the administration started and continued for 21 days. The anxiety and depression-like behaviors of the rats were evaluated. Golgi-Cox staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology and ultrastructural changes of synaptic dendrites. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of hippocampal synaptic plasticity protein synapsin-1 and postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD-95). Western blot method was used to detect the expression of functional protein synaptophysin(SYP) and synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein(SynGap). The results showed that the rats in the model group had obvious anxiety and depression-like behaviors, the hip-pocampal dendritic spine density and branch length were reduced, the number of synapses was cut, and the internal structure was da-maged. The average fluorescence intensity of synapsin-1 and PSD-95 was significantly reduced and the expression of SYP and SynGap also decreased. High-dose Baihe Dihuang Decoction could significantly improve the anxiety and depression-like behaviors of model rats, relieve synaptic damage, and increase the expression of synapsin-1, PSD-95, SYP, and SynGap proteins. Therefore, we believe that Baihe Dihuang Decoction can improve anxiety and depression behaviors by regulating the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons.

Tratamientos Basados en Mindfulness en la Población Infanto-Juvenil con Sintomatología Ansiosa. Una Revisión Sistemática / Treatments Based on Mindfulness in the Child-Youth Population with Anxious Symptomatology. A Systematic Review / Tratamentos Baseados na Atenção Plena na População Infantil-Jovem com Sintomatologia Ansiosa. Uma revisão sistemática

Resumen: El objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer los efectos de los tratamientos basados en Mindfulness en la población infanto-juvenil con sintomatología ansiosa y/o trastorno de ansiedad a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura disponible en diversas bases de datos entre enero del 2007 a marzo del 2017. En la búsqueda se encontró un aumento significativo de publicaciones que abordan la temática de Mindfulness. Sin embargo, en la población infanto-juvenil con sintomatología ansiosa y/o trastorno de ansiedad se obtuvo un número reducido de investigaciones. Encontrándose dos revisiones sistemáticas, cuatro revisiones narrativas y cinco ensayos clínicos. El escaso número de publicaciones en esta temática hace difícil dimensionar los efectos del tratamiento de Mindfulness en esta población con sintomatología ansiosa y/o trastorno de ansiedad. Se requiere de más ensayos clínicos controlados para poder establecer su relevancia como herramienta terapéutica para la disminución de la ansiedad en la población infanto-juvenil.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to explore the effects of treatments based on Mindfulness in childhood and adolescent population with anxious symptomatology and/or anxiety disorder through a systematic review of the available literature in various databases between January 2007 to March 2017. In the search we found a significant increase in publications that address the subject of Mindfulness. However, in the child and adolescent population with anxious symptomatology and/or anxiety disorder, a number of reduced investigations were found. Finding two systematic reviews, four narrative reviews and five clinical trials. The small number of publications on this subject makes it difficult to measure the effect on Mindfulness treatment in this population with anxious symptomatology and/or anxiety disorder. More controlled clinical trials are required in order to establish its relevance as a therapeutic tool for the reduction of anxiety with the child and adolescent population.

Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é conhecer os efeitos de tratamentos baseados no Mindfulness na população de crianças e adolescentes com sintomatologia ansiosa e/ou disturbio de ansiedade por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura disponível em várias bases de dados entre janeiro de 2007 a março de 2017. Na pesquisa encontramos um crescimento significativo em publicações que abordam o tema da Atenção Plena. Não obstante, na população de crianças e adolescentes com sintomatologia ansiosa e/ou disturbio de ansiedade, foi encontrado um pequeno número de investigações. Encontraram-se duas revisões sistemáticas, quatro revisões narrativas e cinco ensaios clínicos. O pequeno número de publicações sobre o assunto dificulta a medição dos efeitos do tratamento do Mindfulness nessa população com sintomatologia ansiosa e/ou disturbio de ansiedade. Mais ensaios clínicos controlados são necessários para estabelecer a sua relevância como uma ferramenta terapêutica para a redução da ansiedade na população infanto-juvenil.

Effect of water extract of spina date seed and albizzia julibrissin flower on hpa axis and inflammatory cytokines in anxious depression model rats / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To investigate the effects of spina date seed (SDS) and albizzia julibrissin flower (AJF) water extracts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and inflammatory factors IF) in the anxiety depression model rats. Methods: A total of 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group (n= 10), model group (n=10), low dose of SDS group (n=10), high dose of SDS group (n=10), low dose of AJF group (n=10), high dose of AJF group (n= 10), low dose of SDS-AJF group (n= 10), and high dose of SDS-AJF group (n=10). The rat models of anxiety depression were induced by chronic restraint stress, solitary cage and corticosterone (CORT) subcutaneous injection. The forced swimming test (FST) was used to observe the immobility time of forced swimming of the rats in various groups; Elevated plus maze test (EPM) was used to observe the open arm entry (OE), close arm entry (CE), open arm entry time (OT), and close arm entry time (CT) of the rats in various groups. The total entry of open arms and close arms (TE), OE% and OT% were calculated. ELISA method was used to detect the levels of serum corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), CORT, inflammatory factors interleukin-lfi (IL-fi) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) of the rats in various groups. HE staining was used to observe the morphology of hippocampal neurons of the rats in various groups. Results: Compared with model group, the immoblity time of forced swimming of the rats in low dose of SDS-AJF group, high dose of SDS-AJF group, high dose of SDS group and high dose of AJF group was decreased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01); compared with low dose of SDS group and low dose of AJF group, the immoblity time of forced swimming of the rats in low dose of SDS-AJF group was shortened (P<0. 05 or P< 0.01); compared with high dose of SDS group and high dose of AJF group, the immobility time of forced swimming of the rats in high dose of SDS-AJF group was shortened (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Compared with model group, the OE% and OT% of the rats in low dose of SDS-AJF group, high dose of SDS-AJF group, high dose of SDS group and high dose of AJF group were increased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01); compared with low dose of SDS group and low dose of AJF group, the OE% and OT% of the rats in low dose of SDS-AJF group were increased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01); compared with high dose of SDS group and high dose of AJF group, the OE% and OT% of the rats in high dose of SDS-AJF group were increased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Compared with model group, the levels of serum CRH, ACTH, CORT, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the rats in low dose of SDS-AJF group, high dose of SDS-AJF group, high dose of SDS group and high dose of AJF group were decreased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01); compared with low dose of SDS group and low dose of AJF group, the levels of serum CRH, ACTH, CORT, IL-1β and IL-6 of the rats in low dose of SDS-AJF group was decreased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01); compared with high dose of SDS group and high dose of AJF group, the levels of serum CRH, ACTH, CORT, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the rats in high dose of SDS-AJF group was decreased (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). The HE staining results showed that the hippocampal neurons of the rats in model group were loosely arranged, and a large number of nerve cells were degenerated and the cell layer was reduced. The degeneration of hippocampal neurons of the rats in low and high doses of SDS-AJF groups were significantly relieved, and the nerve cells were arranged closely and the cell layer was clear. Conclusion: Combination of SDS and AJF can improve the behavior of the rats with anxiety depression, protect the hippocampal neurons of rats, reduce the inflammatory response, and adjust the disorder of HPA axis.

Factor Structure of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Patients with Major Depression with the Anxious Distress Specifier in DSM-5 / 우울ㆍ조울병

BACKGROUND: The factor structure of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) is well validated for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). We examined whether HDRS factors can measure the anxious distress specifier in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, in patients with MDD.METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients with MDD between March 2012 and June 2015 was conducted. We extracted data on anxious distress symptoms and detailed clinical information and examined how the 5 HDRS factors (anhedonia/retardation, guilt/agitation, bodily symptoms, insomnia, and appetite) were related to the anxious distress specifier using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the area under the ROC curve analysis.RESULTS: We observed significant differences in the HDRS and Beck Depression Inventory scores between anxious distress and non-anxious distress groups at the index episode. The score for guilt/agitation factor was significantly higher than that for other factors in the anxious distress group and exhibited good predictive efficiency at baseline.CONCLUSION: Further investigation of the anxious distress specifier as a diagnostic entity would be worthwhile. In addition, the scores for guilt/agitation factor on the HDRS might be a promising marker for distinguishing patients with anxious distress from those with other subtypes of major depression, especially for the index episode.

Cortisol rhythm disorder and influencing factors of patients with anxious depression / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between anxious depression and cortisol rhythm disorder and influencing factors of immune metabolism. And to look for biological markers that can be used for clinical diagnosis and treatment of anxious depression. Methods Totally 43 patients with anxious depres-sion(A-MDD group) and 44 patients with non-anxious depression matched by sex,age and years of education (NA-MDD group)were recruited. Electrochemiluminescence was used to detect the plasma levels of adreno-corticotropic hormone(ACTH),cortisol(COR),c-reactive protein(CRP) and IL-6. Automatic biochemical a-nalysis was used to detect plasma total TC,TG,HDL and LDL. Using logistic regression analysis to discuss the influencing factors of anxiety depression. Results The comparison between the two group showed that the age of first onset,BMI and SBP in the A-MDD group((35. 15±11. 56),(24. 11±3. 03)kg/m2,(130. 09 ±13. 33)mmHg) were significantly higher than those in the NA-MDD group((31. 34± 14. 08),( 22. 70± 3. 19)kg/m2,( 121. 89±12. 49)mmHg)(t=2. 631,2. 009,2. 964,all P<0. 05). The HAMD score and the factor scores of cognitive impairment,change of day and night,delay,sleep disorder and feeling of despair in the A-MDD group((31. 81±5. 39),(8. 03±3. 00),(1. 17±0. 70),(6. 88±1. 93),(4. 44±1. 44),(4. 67± 2. 37)) were significantly higher than those in the NA-MDD group((25. 25±5. 017),(3. 87±3. 12),(0. 79 ±0. 78),(4. 64±2. 22),(3. 34±1. 54),(3. 61±2. 02))(t=2. 297,6. 524,2. 505,5. 210,3. 452,2. 421,all P<0. 05). The plasma TG,CRP and IL-6 levels in the A-MDD group((1. 63±1. 11)mmol/L,(1. 20±0. 77) mg/L,(3. 54±1. 90) pg/L) were significantly higher than those in the NA-MDD group (( 1. 19 ± 0. 66) mmol/L,(0. 933±0. 89)mg/L,(2. 65±1. 34)pg/L) (t=2. 254,2. 250,2. 352,all P<0. 05). The incidence of cortisol disturbance was 72% in the A-MDD group,and 48% in the NA-MDD group,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5. 369 P=0. 020). Multivariate Logistic regression found that sleep disorder (β=0. 729,OR=2. 072,95%CI=1. 018-3. 119),IL-6(β=0. 583,OR=1. 792,95%CI=1. 168-2. 748),cog-nitive impairment (β=0. 099,OR=1. 104,95% CI=1. 022-1. 193),cortisol rhythm disorders(β=0. 075, OR=1. 078,95%CI=1. 014-1. 146) were the risk factors for anxious depression. Conclusion Anxious de-pression has a high incidence of cortisol rhythm disorder. The COR and IL-6 may be mediators of cortisol rhythm disorder. IL-6 and cortisol rhythm disorder together with sleep disorder and negative cognition consti-tute maybe high risk factors for anxious depression.

Effect of emotional resilience group training on perceived stress, anxiety and depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of emotional resilience group training on perceived stress,anxiety and depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods 325 cases of patients with gastric cancer were divided into experimental group(n=163) and control group(n=162) by random digital table method.Two groups of patients were treated with chemotherapy and routine treatment and the experimental group was trained once a week for 8 weeks of emotional resilience group training.Chinese version perceived stress(CPSS),SDS and SAS were used to evaluate the effect of intervention before and after intervention.Results After 8 weeks of emotional elastic group training,the CPSS score((39.98±4.82) vs (33.96±5.02)),SAS score((48.83±4.58) vs (42.12±4.01)) and SDS score((49.23±4.12) vs (45.21±3.27))were lower than those before the intervention (all P＜ 0.05).The difference of CPSS ((-6.02 ± 3.74) vs (-0.19±2.78)),SAS((-6.71±3.86) vs (-0.39±5.62)) and SDS((-4.02±2.03) vs (-0.62±2.31)) before and after the intervention of the two groups were statistically significant(t=-9.325,-9.529,-6.132,P＜0.01).Conclusion Emotional resilience group training can effectively reduce the level of perceptual stress in patients with gastrointestinal cancer,and improve depression and anxiety.

Risk factors of anxious symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the risk factors of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics related to anxious symptoms in bipolar depression patients(BDP).Methods This was a secondary analysis of data from the Diagnostic Assessment Service for People with Bipolar Depression in China(DASP)from September 1,2010 to February 28,2011.According to the criterion that comorbid anxiety or not, BDP(n=306)were divided into comorbid anxiety group(n =200)(65.4％)and without anxiety group(n =106)(34.6％).Further analysis for risk factors of anxious symptoms in BDP was performed by the multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results BDP with anxiety were younger(35.10± 11.09), younger at illness onset(27.93-± 10.04), ruore male(t =4.603, P＜0.05), more lifetime episodes(3.21 ± 3.77), frequently episodes(t =17.328,P＜0.05),inducement onset(t=14.859,P＜0.05)and more seasonal episodes(t=8.300,P＜0.05)compared with BDP without anxiety.Logistic regression analysis showed that inducement onset(OR=5.023)and episodes frequency(OR=10.852)was significantly associated with anxious symptom(P＜0.05).Conclusion The finding indicates that postpartum onset and depressive episodes frequency may be risk factors of bipolar depression with anxiety.

Risk factors of anxious symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the risk factors of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics related to anxious symptoms in bipolar depression patients(BDP).Methods This was a secondary analysis of data from the Diagnostic Assessment Service for People with Bipolar Depression in China(DASP)from September 1,2010 to February 28,2011.According to the criterion that comorbid anxiety or not, BDP(n=306)were divided into comorbid anxiety group(n =200)(65.4％)and without anxiety group(n =106)(34.6％).Further analysis for risk factors of anxious symptoms in BDP was performed by the multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results BDP with anxiety were younger(35.10± 11.09), younger at illness onset(27.93-± 10.04), ruore male(t =4.603, P＜0.05), more lifetime episodes(3.21 ± 3.77), frequently episodes(t =17.328,P＜0.05),inducement onset(t=14.859,P＜0.05)and more seasonal episodes(t=8.300,P＜0.05)compared with BDP without anxiety.Logistic regression analysis showed that inducement onset(OR=5.023)and episodes frequency(OR=10.852)was significantly associated with anxious symptom(P＜0.05).Conclusion The finding indicates that postpartum onset and depressive episodes frequency may be risk factors of bipolar depression with anxiety.

Investigation and analysis of psychological health condition in cervical cancer patients received radiation and chemotherapy / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the status of mental health and related factors in cervical cancer patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy,and to implement individualized nursing intervention.Methods 60 cervical cancer patients with radiation and chemotherapy were enrolled in this study.The depression self rating scale(SDS),anxiety self-assessment scale(SAS) were evaluated,and the influence factors of self-designed questionnaires were investigated.During the same period,60 healthy women of 4 regions in Shantou were selected as control group.The SDS and SAS were compared in two groups.And combined with the influencing factors of the investigation group after the implementation of nursing intervention 7 d psychological assessment again.Results Cervical cancer patients with radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the SDS and SAS scores were (56.1±7.7)points,(45.2±7.5)points,which were significantly higher than those of healthy women [(45.0±6.3)points,(39.2±6.5)points,t=8.142,4.588,all P<0.01].After 7 days of nursing intervention,the SDS and SAS scores in cervical cancer patients decreased significantly[SDS(49.5±6.8)points,SAS(42.7±6.2)points,P<0.05],and the influence factors of patients' mental health were worry about the hospitalization expenses,do not understand the disease related knowledge,fear,the influence of family and society,and worry about the side effects of treatment on the prognosis of disease(88%,80%,80%,75%,68.3%,65%).Conclusion Cervical cancer patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy have poor mental health status,in the treatment of diseases at the same time,the nursing staff should give psychological counseling and support,improve the patients' anxiety and depression,promote rehabilitation.

Analysis of the anxiety situation and the influencing factors among gerontal patients with osteoporosis / 中国基层医药

Objective To understand the anxiety among gerontal patients with osteoporosis,and to analyze the correlated factors of the anxiety.Methods The social information of the gerontal patients with osteoporosis were investigated,as well as by SAS for the anxiety,and by NRS,PSQI,AHSMSRS for their pain level,sleep quality and healthy management.Results The incidence rate of anxiety was 20.3%,and the average score was (41 .1 4 ± 9.71 )points.Some factors had influence upon the rate,which included sex,month income,sleep quality,self -care ability,pain level,self -management and exercise.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that exercise and pain level were the major risk factors.The differences were statistically significant(t =3.033,2.727,P =0.003, 0.007).Conclusion It's higher that the incidence rate of anxiety among gerontal patients with osteoporosis maybe influenced by species of factors,and the quality of life among them needs to be improved by intervention clinically implicated in those factors.

Changes of content of monoamine neurotransmitters and expression of neurotrophic factors in brain regions of rat models of anxious depression / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To study the content of monoamine neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex in anxious depression rats, and explore the possible pathogenesis.Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, vehicle group, anxiety group, depression group, and anxious depression group, 12 rats in each group.Chronic restraint stress combined with corticosterone injection was used to establish anxiety and depression model, the modeling time was 21 d.After modeling, elevated plus maze test, open field test, and forced swimming test were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression-like behavior, HPLC-ECD was used to detect the content of 5-HT, NE, and DA in the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex of rats.Western-blotting was used to detect the expression of BDNF and NT-3 in rats.Results Rats in anxious depression model group were comparable to the anxiety group in time and frequency entering open arm time, and number of locomotor activity in open field, and it had a significant difference when compared with the control and depression groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05).Immobile time in anxious depression model rats was increased significantly when compared with the control and anxiety groups (P<0.01).Meanwhile, compared with the control group, 5-HT in hippocampus and 5-HT, NE in amygdala or prefrontal cortex were significantly decreased in the depressive rats with anxiety (P<0.01 or P<0.05).Moreover, the content of BDNF and NT-3 was significantly decreased in each brain regions compared with the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and BDNF levels were obviously decreased compared with the anxiety group (P<0.05).Conclusions Rats of anxious depression have significant anxiety and depression-like behaviors.Its mechanism may be associated with the down-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors BDNF and NT-3 in hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex region.

Reduced Venous Blood Basophil Count and Anxious Depression in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

OBJECTIVE: Anxious depression has a distinct neurobiology, clinical course and treatment response from non-anxious depression. Role of inflammation in anxious depression has not been examined. As an exploratory study to characterize the role of inflammation on a development of anxious depression, we aimed to determine the relationship between white blood cell (WBC) subset counts and anxiety in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS: A total of 709 patients who were newly diagnosed with MDD were recruited. Anxiety levels of participants were evaluated using the Anxiety/ Somatization subitem of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The association between WBC subset fraction and anxiety was evaluated. RESULTS: Basophil and eosinophil sub-fractions showed significant negative correlations with HAM-D anxiety/somatization factor scores (basophils: r=-0.092, p=0.014 and eosinophils: r=-0.075, p=0.046). When an anxiety score (a sum of somatic and psychic anxiety) was entered as a dependent variable, only basophils showed significant negative association with the anxiety scores after adjusting for all other WBC subset counts and demographic factors (t=-2.57, p=0.010). CONCLUSION: This study showed that anxious depression had a decreased basophil subfraction, which might be associated with involvement of inflammation in development of anxious depression.

Difference in Treatment Outcome in Hospitalized Major Depression Patients with versus without Anxious Distress Specifier in DSM-5 / 대한정신약물학회지

OBJECTIVE: In Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), a new specifier of major depressive disorder (MDD) "with anxious distress" allows characterization of additional symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate difference in treatment outcome of MDD with versus without anxious distress specifier in DSM-5. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of patients admitted to a university hospital with a primary diagnosis of MDD in a period from March 2013 to September 2014 was conducted. We reviewed anxious distress symptoms, medications and detailed clinical information at index episode. We compared treatment outcomes of anxious distress group with those of non anxious distress group. RESULTS: There were differences in remission rate after 4 weeks later (18.5% vs. 44.4%, p=0.040) and at discharge (33.3% vs. 66.7%, p=0.014) between anxious distress and non anxious distress. However, no significant differences were observed in the sociodemographic characteristics, treatment regimens, and response rate. CONCLUSION: Anxious distress specifier might be worthwhile to be further evaluated as a diagnostic entity of its own requiring specific diagnosis and therapeutic attention.

Risk factors of suicidality in major depressive disorder patients with and without anxious characteristics / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To compare the suicidality risk in major depressive disorder (MDD)patients with and without anxious characteristics,and analyze the risk factors of suicidality in MDD patients. Methods:This was a secondary analysis of the data from the Diagnostic Assessment Service for people with Bipolar Disorders in China (DASP),which was initiated by the Chinese Society of Psychiatry (CSP),from September 1,2010 to February 28, 201 1. Based on the anxious module and suicide module of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M. I. N. I),1 172 MDD patients were classified as suffering from anxious MDD (n=728,62. 1%)and non-anxious MDD(n=444,37. 9%). Logistic regression was employed to examine the risk factors of suicidality in MDD pa-tients. Results:Among the anxious MDD patients,331 (45. 5%)of them had suicidality risk. And 54(12. 2%)of non-anxious MDD patients had suicidality risk. Compare to the non-anxious group,the anxious MDD patients had significantly higher suicidality risk (P<0. 00 1 ). Logistic regression analysis showed that more frequent depressive episodes (OR=2. 07 ),depressive episodes with psychotic symptoms (OR=2. 0 1 ),comorbid with anxious charac-teristics (OR=3. 18)or melancholic characteristics (OR=2. 90)were associated with suicidality risk in patients with MDD. Conclusion:It indicates that the anxious MDD patients may have higher suicidality risk than non-anx-ious MDD patients,and more frequent depressive episodes,depressive episodes with psychotic symptoms,comorbid with anxious characteristics or melancholic characteristics may be risk factors of suicidality in patients with MDD.